Thursday, November 8, 2007

Is JSF following EJB road?

First I have to be clear: I don't like JSF!

But, I did not like EJB 1.0 when it came out. And still, I did bet on it's success.

When EJB 1.0 came out I just finished my personal implementation of a CORBA Application Server, so this new Specification was "way below" my stuff. I was young, but still you cannot stop the machine coming from Sun, BEA and after quite some time IBM.
EJB came in a world were crazy techies (like me) thought they can build great servers which can handle enormous load. So, this specification really calm down crazy development and provided a good base for containers (usage and implementation).
But, it was flawed, right from the beginning.
All the API, interfaces and design concentrated on showing off the "great" power of the Application Server. Look how I can passivate/activate, look I can do security and transaction, and look I even save in DB for you. And for every "look" as a poor developer you needed to answer (implement, declare) something.
There was no escape, your code was full of unwanted pollution.
EJB 2.0 did not solve the problem and actually added more "look" at my beautiful AS: Messaging and CMP.

We had to wait for JBoss guys to take over EJB specification for 3.0, to finally end the developer nightmare.

And now, the funny trick. Please replace in the above EJB with JSF...
Amazing, it fits.

JSF came when Web UI was a total mess (All Struts usage override most configuration and basic classes) and everyone had his own "best/better" implementation.
So, JSF did some clean up in Web UI design and implementation.
But, JSF is really "showing off": Look my nice lifecycle in 42 steps, Look my nice big list of jsp tags/attributes, Look my nice EL, Look my nice XML configuration, and so on.
By "showing off" I mean that you need to fill all this with a lot of unreadable and incomprehensible repetition. And the worst of it you need to master all this in order to:
- debug correctly,
- integrate external stuff (Ajax4JSF and so on),
- create just one JSF UI component (Does someone sells T-shirt with: I wrote my JSF component! without breaking the lifecycle?),
- write stupid HTML pages.

A really good description of all JSF flaws are listed in Gavin blog: EE6 Wichlist
In this blog entries, the first one on EJB the second on JSF, looking quickly at the code examples you understand the gap. EJB is full of nice Annotations and Meta Annotations (the future for sure), and JSF full of ugly XML and Expression Language (scheduled to die).

The biggest conceptual flaw of JSF is the usage of EL.
EL is breaking encapsulation, in term of IoC: it's on the wrong side of the road. Ophir pointed me to a nice essay from Terence Parr "Enforcing Strict Model-View Separation in Template Engines ", that really nicely proves my point.
A UI definition (Web page, Swing panel, ...) should not know about the object graph. If I am a UI designer, I'm not a business modeler.
The answer is in architecture like Wicket and JSR-295 (The EL in this Beans Binding is due to the lack of property support).
In these good architecture: The UI components have an ID related to the page/panel, and the Java developers bind data to these components and receive events from these components. This is the good way to do UI, integrate UI design and manage UI logic. From experience, it works great.

All the other flaws are due to the age of JSF and the fact that it was written for ugly request/response Web UI behavior.

So JSF is today at the stage of EJB 1.0, I can see JSF 2.0 pushing more in the wrong direction, and so having finally a JSF 3.0 were developers will stop having nervous shake when they hear: JSF!

3 comments:

Unknown said...

In these good architecture: The UI components have an ID related to the page/panel, and the Java developers bind data to these components and receive events from these components. ..

I agree, furthermore, your HTML code shouldn't know a word about the component attached... do you agree? then try ItsNat

Yardena said...

Hi Fred, I think you are right, I've been thinking the same thing myself - JSF looks like an EJB movie sequel. I really wonder why we need to go through this long and winding road again and again - what's wrong with enterprise Java?

jonathan said...

JSF was an idiotic idea 10 years ago. Nothing is going to save it. Move on.